Introduction to Biology

     Like as we known, in this world include the plant, animal and human.Three of them is part of the biology unity. For the example, how the plant can produce the fruit?Why the color of leaves is green?why the baby can be growth?, and Biology can answer those sorts of questions. 

     Before we learn the specific biology, we must to know what is the meaning from biology. Biology from the Greek words, that is Bios and Logos. Bio is life include the plant, animal and human. While Logos is study or knowledge.Biology is very important for our life because everything can happened in our daily lives come from the environment, such as the food for we consume taken from some plant.

A. The Scope of Biology

     In biology there are objects can we learn. The object of biology are living organism and life in the physical state. In living organism is difference between one organism with the other. We must to know how the characteristic of living things.

The scope of Biology is divided into

• Characteristic of living thing

          Characteristic of living thing is:

1. Move
2. Breathe
3. Reproduce
4. able to receive and respond to stimulus

1. Move

    All organism do the movement. Generally, the motion in animal and the human is displacement. While for plant only cause changes in shape and size but no change in the position or place.

2. Breathe

    All organism do the breathe in every time. 

3. Reproduce

    All organism do reproduction. The purpose is to survive conservation of species can causes the extinct. 

4. able to receive and respond to stimulus

    Animal and human has ability to receive and respond to stimulus with the nerves . While the plant does not has the nerves system but the plant has the specific organs to receive and respond to stimulus.

• The level of material organization of life or living things

Living body composed of the smallest parts until the largest. Parts of composer from the living things is
a. Atom
    The smallest part from the molecule can not separated again. Example: H, Li, Be, He, Na
b. Molecule
    Combination from a few atoms. Example: H2SO4, H2O, NaCl, CO2, H2S
c. Cell
    The smallest part of the body is consist of  living things. Cell numerous is difference in compose the body of living things. Example: red blood cell (erythrocytes), white blood cell (leukocyte), egg cell (ovum), sperm cell
d. Tissue
    Collection of cells that have a similar structure and specific function. Example: Nerves tissue, muscular tissue, connective tissue
e. Organ
    Collection of various tissues that work together and has same function. Example: internal organ (lungs, hepart, cor, kidney, stomach), external organ (eye, foot, hand, mouth).
f. Organ System
   Collection from several organs which carry out a function. Example: Digestive system, circulatory system, excretion system
g. Organism
    The body consist of several organ system.

• Branches of Biology

Biology has several biology branches, is:
1. Morphology is the study of the outside forms of living things
2. Anatomy is the study of the structure of living body
3. Physiology is the study of the functions or organs in living
4. Taxonomy is the study of grouping living things
5. Embryology is the study of embryonic development
6. Histology is the study of the structure and function of the tissues of living organisms